VEGFA and diabetic retinopathy: In diabetic retinopathy, structural changes of the retinal vascular network can be observed, leading to accumulation of fluids in the macular region, disruption of the blood-retinal barrier, and expression of various inflammatory factors, including the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), interleukine-6, and others [9,10].