During human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-Raf, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MEK1/2), and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) pathways were involved in COX2-mediated inflammation induced by HCMV [43]. Here, MAPK3 is linked to cytomegalovirus infection.