CLOCK and epilepsy: Furthermore, evidence indicates that circadian variation may mediate epileptic excitability in both humans and animals [109], and that CLOCK/BMAL genes either directly or indirectly via their transcription factors BMAL1/CLOCK can influence the expression of other genes that are causally involved in epilepsy (e.g., PAR bZIP transcription factor, genes DBP, TEF, and HLF) [110,111], including NRSF [112], NRF2 [113], CREB [114], and mTOR [115], which display altered expression in epilepsy.