Consistently, most of reports, especially those addressing the roles of microglia in viral infections using the CSF1R inhibitor, PLX5622 showed that in uninfected mice, this pharmacological agent specifically depletes microglia, but fails to reduce (CD45+CD11b+) mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages and monocytes), macrophages (F4/80+ or Iba+ cells), neutrophils, CD4 T cells, and CD8 T cells in the periphery (spleen, blood, bone marrow, and/or lymph nodes) and monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, and CD8 T cells in the central nervous system, brain and/or spinal cord [2,7,8,9]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF1R and viral infectious disease.