Suppression of AKT/mTOR signaling by Salmonella was also found to downregulate the expression of tumor-intrinsic immune tolerance mediator, that is, programmed death-ligand1 (PD-L1) [31]—a transmembrane protein acting as a ligand for the immune checkpoint receptor PD-1, one of the gatekeepers of immune response, along with CTLA4, LAG3, TIM3, TIGIT and BTLA [32]. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is neoplasm.