Indeed, hyperglycemia-dependent ROS production induced mono-methylation of histone 3 at lysine 4 amino-acid residue (H3K4me) by the methyltransferase Set7/9, a post-translational modification favoring gene transcription in mammals; the ensuing modification of histone binding the proximal promoter region of the RELA gene resulted in upregulation of the NF-κB subunit p65 and persistent vascular inflammation [29]. Here, RELA is linked to Hyperglycemia.