Desouza et al. observed that partial inhibition of UCP2 with an antisense oligonucleotide in two mice models of type 2 diabetes mellitus, ob/ob mice and diet-induced obese and diabetic mice, led not only to improvements in insulin secretion in β-cell but also enhanced insulin action in peripheral tissues (eg. adipose tissue) [187]. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.