In association with insulin resistance, in obese subjects, the presence of biomarkers of oxidative stress has been observed; the latter include malondialdehyde (indicative of lipid peroxidation and ROS), protein carbonyls, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, hydroperoxides, protein oxidation products, 3-nitrotyrosine, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), carbohydrate metabolites, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), which have the ability to diminish insulin sensitivity [13,71,72] (Figure 2). This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.