In LR-MDS, S100A8/A9 is more abundant (also secreted by MDSCs) and binds to TLR-4 and CD33, stimulating inflammasome assembly and pyroptotic cell death by promoting the production of inflammasome components, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18, and the expansion of MDSCs. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.