Moreover, HR-MDS patients overexpress ICPs on their blasts (such as PD-L1 or TIM-3) [83,91,92], their HSCs (PD-L1, TIM-3, or CD47) [77,78,81,93], their T and NK-cells (PD-1, TIGIT, or TIM-3) [78,82,84,85], or their macrophages [94]. Here, CD47 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.