Significant differences in the median values of IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, IL-17A, IL-33, IL-13, and CXCL8 were reached in all the groups studied, suggesting that these cytokines play a role in the inflammatory processes associated with histoplasmosis and pneumocystosis. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is pneumocystosis.