PGF and hydrops fetalis: Nakada et al. [69] measured PlGF levels in a population of 408 patients with acute decompensated HF: Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the patients with the highest PlGF (quartile 4: ≥12.6 pg/mL) had poorer outcomes compared to the PlGF group (quartiles 1–3: <12.6 pg/mL) in terms of all-cause (hazard ratio [HR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–2.14; p < 0.01) and CV death (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.04–2.66; p < 0.05).