The interplay between SIRT1, Nrf2, NF-κB, and NLRP3 pathways regulates the cellular oxidative inflammatory responses, and hence, the agents that promote the activation of SIRT1/Nrf2 and block NF-κB/NLRP3 can control the deleterious effects of LPS and attenuate ALI. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.