In this study, we have shown for the first time that chemo-sensitization of the NSCLC cell lines and their CSCs, particularly the CD133+ population, using first-line chemotherapies such as cisplatin, 5-FU and vinorelbine was able to enhance the anti-tumor effect of MSC-TRAIL. The gene discussed is TNFSF10; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.