In interventional studies examining adherence to a low glycaemic index diet pattern (Rouhani et al., 2016) or to a hypocaloric high glycaemic index diet pattern (Rouhani et al., 2016; Iannuzzi et al., 2009; Parillo et al., 2012) adequate adherence was associated with lower levels of CRP, both in males and females with obesity, while another study found no association (Damsgaard et al., 2013). The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.