RIPK3 and Sepsis: Though mechanisms determining apoptosis, necroptosis, or cell survival remains unclear, genetic studies revealed that FADD or caspase-8 deficiency could sensitize cells to undergo RIPK3-mediated necroptosis, thus triggering embryonic lethality and inflammation.99,100 Similarly, sufficient levels of catalytically active RIPK3 is required to induce necroptosis and suppress apoptosis.101 In clinical sepsis, RIPK3 levels were significantly elevated at various time points with positive correlation to SOFA score.