STING1 and infection: TMEM173 were significantly activated during infection and inter-related with disease severity.268,269 Implication of excessive TMEM173 activation in sepsis pathogenesis have been widely discussed.27,269–271 TMEM173 interact with a predominant calcium channel ITPR1 to promote ER calcium efflux required for caspase-1/11/8-induced GSDMD cleavage and activation.