The upregulation of miR-664a-3p and downregulation of its target four and a half LIM domains 1 (FHL1), which acts as a transcription factor and implicated in various cellular mechanisms, in lung tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of COPD patients positively correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC)% and has a role in cigarette smoke-induced COPD (Zhong et al., 2019). Here, FHL1 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.