For example, SMAD2/3, YAP/TAZ, and β-catenin impinge on common target genes, resulting in context-dependent transcriptional changes, which might explain the conflicting results regarding β-catenin and melanoma progression (Attisano & Wrana, 2013, Piersma et al, 2015a, 2015b). This evidence concerns the gene SMAD2 and melanoma.