Its activation (phosphorylation) decreases lipogenic enzymes and lipogenic transcription factors such as SREBP1, inhibits hepatic fatty acid synthesis partly via inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase [37], increases β-oxidation of fatty acids in the liver mitochondria, and generally improves mitochondrial function that helps prevent and ameliorate hepatic steatosis [38] (Fig. 3). The gene discussed is SREBF1; the disease is Hepatic steatosis.