STAT3 and PIAS3 mRNA were significantly up-regulated in COPD group compared with control group (p = 0.000005, p = 0.0008 respectively), while miRNA-1 and miRNA-106b mRNA were significantly down-regulated in COPD group compared with control group (p = 0.000001, p = 0.000005 respectively). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.