The analysis of a cohort of 195 men showed that the expression of PCA3 and ERG genes (including the fusion gene TMPRSS2:ERG) normalised to the level of SPDEF (SAM-pointed domain-containing Ets transcription factor) can be used to differentiate between GS ≤ 6 and GS ≥ 7 tumours [157]. The gene discussed is SPDEF; the disease is neoplasm.