When the CT pattern in-study was identified in these patients, all had been known to have history of autoimmunity; 1 patient had scleroderma, 1 had rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the other 2 were known to have persistently elevated titers of various autoantibodies (antinuclear, anti-Scl70 and anti-CCP antibodies in one, and anti-RNP antibodies in one). This evidence concerns the gene RNPC3 and rheumatoid arthritis.