H2AX and acute kidney injury: Consistent with the increased physical damage and serum markers of AKI, γ-H2AX–positive (Ser139-positive) cells were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the NP-Mirin (40.9% ± 3.5%; n = 7) versus NP-Ctrl group (17.5% ± 4.0% cells; n = 5) (Figure 5J).