In order to better investigate the mechanism of SMAD3 mutation in patients with aortic root aneurysms, Gong et al., using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, introduced a shifts mutation and nonsense-mediated decay of SMAD3 into Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to construct an LDS model (131). The gene discussed is SMAD3; the disease is Aortic root aneurysm.