Interestingly, degenerative neurons from Parkinson’s disease patients have paradoxically been described to activate the pRb/E2F1 signaling and undergo mitosis which makes them vulnerable to apoptotic death (Hoglinger et al., 2007), thus suggesting a mechanism on how perturbation of cell division and mitochondrial dynamics regulators could synergistically contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease or similar neurodegenerative diseases. The gene discussed is E2F1; the disease is Parkinson disease.