Previously, studies had shown that ISL could inhibit inflammation involving NF-κB pathway to protect kidney from lesions in various models, such as acute kidney injury, DN, hypertensive renal injury, and UUO-induced renal fibrosis (Lee et al., 2013; Xiong et al., 2018; Liao et al., 2020). Here, NFKB1 is linked to acute kidney injury.