To further investigate the potential downregulation of CXCL16 by RABV in the human brain, we extended our analysis to an additional group of patients (group 2), which included rabid patients from Moldavia (n=1, 3 samples), Madagascar (n=1, 1 sample) and Senegal (n=1, 1 sample), as well as non-infected control patients from Cambodia (n=1, 1 sample, without apparent CNS disorder or infection) and France (n=4, 7 samples, all presented encephalitis- or meningoencephalitis-related symptoms but without any determined aetiologies) (Supplementary Table S2). Here, CXCL16 is linked to central nervous system disorder.