Most interestingly, we demonstrated that RNF213, through its binding to ISG15, has a broad antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo, counteracting infection against Listeria monocytogenes, human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coxsackievirus (CV) B3 and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). This evidence concerns the gene RNF213 and infection.