Melanoma cells have a highly mutagenic nature and an immune escape mechanism (Davis et al., 2019), including downregulation of the expression of tumor-associated antigens and melanoma differentiation antigens to inhibit cytotoxic T cell recognition and clearance of tumor cells and secretion of immune inhibitory molecules such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and prostaglandin E2 to escape immunity (Palmer et al., 2011; Pitcovski et al., 2017). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is melanoma.