TNF and Sepsis: In addition, podophyllotoxin can also rapidly inhibit cytokine secretion by PBM after their activation via multiple stimuli including LPS and IFN-γ, whereas currently no specific treatment targeting inflammation was effective in sepsis shock, neither were antibodies targeting TNFα, IL-1, and LPS (Gan et al., 1994; Opal et al., 2013; Payen et al., 2015).