The most significant pathways identified are dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), thalassemia, left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC), arterial septal defect, sickle cell anemia (SCA), alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), etc. Among these, the COPD is related to lung physiology. The gene discussed is SERPINA1; the disease is thalassemia.