Further exploration of the CXCL12 expression levels between patients with different clinical statuses demonstrated significantly higher CXCL12 expression in BLCA patients with higher tumor grade (p < 0.001), advanced clinical stage (p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01) (Fig. 3B–G). The gene discussed is CXCL12; the disease is neoplasm.