Some previous studies have demonstrated that some elements, such as cluster of differentiation 31-labelled (CD31-labelled) activated circulating endothelial cells, levels of kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5) and L1 cell adhesion molecules (L1CAM), post-treatment hyperlipidemia, post-treatment hypertension status as well as pre-treatment Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores, are potential biomarkers for predicting anlotinib therapy in NSCLC patients [19–22]. Here, KLK5 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.