More importantly, phosphorylated JAK2 (p-JAK2) expression has been found to be upregulated in DM rats where JAK2 contributes to diabetic neuropathy [16], while HG environment also induces the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4), facilitating the recruitment of signal transducer [17]. Here, STAT4 is linked to diabetes mellitus.