PRDM16 and Familial prostate cancer: Takahata et al. (2009) demonstrates that PRDM16 can inhibit the TGF-β signal in gastric cancer cells in cooperation with SKI. In prostate cancer, PRDM16 has an antiapoptosis function and may act in an oncogenic role (Zhu et al., 2016). Meanwhile, the high methylation status of the PRDM16 promoter is demonstrated as potential biomarker for esophageal squamous cell cancer (Peng et al., 2017) and lung cancers (Tan et al., 2014).