In NSCLC, the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted agents [particularly Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs)], redesigned this scenario, for the ability of these novel drugs to permeate in the CNS. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.