The new generation of targeted agents, such as osimertinib for EGFR-mutated (61, 62) and alectinib or lorlatinib for ALK-rearranged (63, 64) NSCLC, significantly improved intracranial response rate compared to traditional ChT or first-generation TKIs, with responses durable over time. Here, ALK is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.