Notably, anti-LPS immunoglobulin, drugs to reverse the BA imbalance in NAFLD (e.g., FXR agonists, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARα) agonists, and ursodeoxycholic acid), and drugs to restore intestinal barrier function and inhibit liver inflammation (e.g., butyrate) have shown encouraging therapeutic effects (Adar et al., 2012; Sun et al., 2018; Yu et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene NR1H4 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.