It is well known that cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2) plays a crucial role in modulating cardiac contraction and relaxation by regulating intracellular calcium processing, and attenuated SERCA2 expression or activity leads to impaired calcium handling associated with contractile dysfunction and heart failure progression (Frank et al., 2003). The gene discussed is ATP2A2; the disease is heart failure.