TNF and uveitis: Many studies have observed a constant increase in TNF-α expression in inflammatory cell infiltrates, not only in various models of experimental uveitis, but also in RPE and Müller cells, which causes these cells to possess uveitogenic properties and might decisively influence the course of EAU (de Kozak et al., 1997; de Smet and Chan, 2001; Holtkamp et al., 2001).