To date, chromosomal rearrangements have been reported as frequent genetic drivers of several types of human cancer, such as ETS-related gene (ERG) fusions in prostate cancer7, RET or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions in lung cancer8,9, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) fusions in bladder cancer10. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and cancer.