To further validate the effect of GOLM1 on macrophages infiltration and PD-L1 expression in HCC tissues, based on the immunostaining scores of GOLM1, the enrolled 60 patients were divided into GOLM1-low (score 0-1) and GOLM1-high (score 2-3) subgroups, and their PD-L1, CD8, and CD68 expressions were evaluated, respectively (Fig. 1e and Supplementary Fig. S1e). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and hepatocellular carcinoma.