TNF and Sepsis: [19] Osuchowski et al [20] showed that plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory (IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β, kupffer cell, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and eotaxin) and anti-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor soluble receptors, IL-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist) biomarkers were increased at the early stage of sepsis in murine model.