Encouragingly, our cohort study detected a significant correlation between Smad3 activation and CAF abundancy in NSCLC (p < 0.0001, Figure 5B), where the levels of MMTs (α‐SMA+ CD68+ cells, p = 0.0098, Figure 5C) is more closely associated with the mortality of NSCLC patients compared to overall CAF abundance (α‐SMA+, p = 0.045; Figure S12, Supporting Information); highlighting the importance of MMT in the NSCLC progression. Here, SMAD3 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.