VCAM1 and isolated hemihyperplasia: In fact, during the vascular injury pathology in IH, the over-expressed cytokines and chemokines (such as interleukin, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) will active the endothelial cells (ECs) with the high-expressed vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), which is able to regulate the inflammatory cells (neutrophils and monocytes) immigration and accumulation into the injured lesion through the specific recognition of integrin α4β1 on surface resulting in the active target delivery to the IH [21–25].