Elevated HbA1c levels were associated with decreased serum transferrin saturation, ferritin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin levels in Japanese diabetic women in late pregnancy, and decreased anemia parameters (24–35 weeks of gestation) occurred before elevated HbA1c levels (32–35 weeks of gestation) [37], indicating that anemia might be one of the risk factors for hyperglycemia. This evidence concerns the gene TF and anemia (phenotype).