Moreover, analysis of microarray data derived from two independent cohorts showed that CRC patients defined as non-responders to 5-FU based chemotherapy (FOLFOX) display higher NAA40 expression levels relative to those who responded well to 5-FU therapy (Fig. 5I), suggesting that NAA40 upregulation in human cancers is associated with resistance to antimetabolite chemotherapy. Here, NAA40 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.