NFKB1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Notably, PJH treatment evoked a significant decrease in phosphorylation of NF-κB and ERK1/2 in this mouse model of COPD, indicating that the protective effects of PJH on airway inflammatory responses induced by CS/LPS are likely closely associated with downregulation of NF-κB and ERK1/2 phosphorylation.