CPVL and central nervous system cancer: Real-time PCR and Western blotting analyses show that CPVL expression was upregulated in 7 glioma cell lines, U87MG, SHG44, LN382, U251, A172, U118, and T98G, compared with the normal glial cell HEB and the human cerebral endothelial cell line HBEC-5i at the transcript and protein levels (Figure 2, B and C).