TNF and endophthalmitis: The cytokine milieu in endophthalmitis was characterized by innate-related IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1β (Supplementary file 1h), which are involved in ocular barrier breakdown and leukocyte recruitment into ocular tissue (Hao et al., 2016; Feys et al., 1994; Giese et al., 1998).