ACE and chronic kidney disease: Antihypertensive medications, such as angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), are also currently recommended by the NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) guidelines as first line management for proteinuric CKD and for non proteinuric CKD in patients with hypertension [14], although recent findings suggest that these medications are under-prescribed [10, 15].