Subsequently, other proteins like Zinc Finger CCHC-Type Containing 3 (ZCCHC3)9 and Ras-GTPase-Activating Protein SH3-Domain-Binding Protein 1 (G3BP1)10 were identified as sensors for double-strand genome DNA of herpes simplex virus type 1 and vaccinia virus, or for DNA inducing Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, respectively, and the cGAS–STING pathway was established as the third paradigm for activating microglia in general except in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, STING1 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.